果冻影院

Overview

Although homosexual activity has been legal in Poland since 1932, same-sex marriage and civil unions are听not recognised in Poland, conversion therapy is not banned, adoption for same-sex couples is illegal and in order to legally change gender status, surgery is requirued ().

The Equal treatment law of 2010 bans discrimination in matters of employment and occupation听based on sexual orientation ().听However, this is currently the only context in which LGBTQ discrimination is explicitly illegal in Poland. Polish law does not adequately听address anti-LGBTQ hate speech or bias () and Information paper on LGBTI听discrimination in Poland for the European Commission against racism and intolerance, 2014).听

In the last few years, in particular sincethe initiation of the hate campaign against the LGBTQ community in Poland in 2018 (), the LGBTQ situation has significantly deteriorated, to the point that according to the latest , Poland is now considered the worst state in the European Union for LGBTQ rights, down to just 13 percent in 2021 from 28 percent in 2014. (). Interestingly, despite this rapid and worrying deterioration, according to , the percentage of people that declare their acceptance for homosexuality grew by 5 points between 2013 and 2019 - from 42 percent top 47 percent.听

• 听by听ILGA听Europe [in English].
• 听by听ILGA听Europe听[in English].

Resources

Books

• Adamiecka-Sitek, Buchwald, Adamiecka-Sitek, Agata, & Buchwald, Dorota. (2011). .听 Warszawa: Instytut Teatralny im. Zbigniewa Raszewskiego.
• Adamiecka-Sitek, A., & Buchwald, D. (2009). . Warszawa: Instytut Teatralny im. Zbigniewa Raszewskiego.
• Baer, M., & Lizurej, M. (2007). . Wroc艂aw: Oficyna Wydawnicza Arboretum.
• Bielska, B. (2018). .听Torun虂: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Miko艂aja Kopernika.
• Buyantueva, R. & Shevtsova M. (2020). . Cham, Switzerland : Palgrave Macmillan.
• Downing, Gillett, Downing, Lisa, & Gillett, Robert. (2011). . (Queer interventions). Farnham: Ashgate.
• Fejes, N., & Balogh, A. (2012).听. Edited by Narcisz Fejes and Andrea P. Balogh.听Bristol: Intellect books.
• Hall, D. (2015). . Chapter in:听Gods, Gays, and Governments: Religious and Sexual Nationalisms in Central and Eastern Europe. Brill.听
• Hall, D. (2016). .听Warszawa: Wydawnictwo IFiS PAN.
• Krzemi艅ski, I. (ed.) (2006).听. Warszawa: Wydawnictwa听Akademickie i Profesjonalne.听
• Leszkowicz, P. (2010). .听English translation: Marcin 艁akomski. Warsaw: Abiekt.pl.
• Majka, Rostek, D. (2002).听.听 Wroc艂aw : Wydawn. Uniwersytetu Wroc艂awskiego
• Mizieli艅ska, J. (2017).听.听Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN听
• Mizieli艅ska, J. & Abramowicz, M. (2014).听Warszawa: Instytut Psychologii Polskiej Akademii听Nauk.听
• Mizieli艅ska J., Struzik J. (2017).听. Warszawa:听Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.
• Mole, R. (2021). . London: 果冻影院 Press.
• Nabrdalik, M. (2018).听.听New York: The New Press.
• Ni偶y艅ska, J. (2012).听. Evanston, Ill.: Northwestern University Press.
• O'Dwyer, C. (2018).听.听听New York: New York University.
• Pstr膮g, D. (2014). .听Rzesz贸w: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego.
• Sobolczyk, P. (2015). .听Warszawa: Instytut Bada艅 Literackich PAN Wydawnictwo.
• Szulc, L. (2018).听. Lukasz Szulc.听(Global queer politics).听Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
• 艢mieja, W. (2015). .听Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu 艢l膮skiego.
• Zawadzka, K. (2019).听听Szczecin: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczeci艅skiego.

Dissertations

• D臋bi艅ska, M. S. (2015). .听Uniwersytet听Warszawski.听
• Gruszczynska, A. (2009).听听Aston University.听
• Iniewicz, G. (2015).听. Post-doctoral dissertation.听Uniwersytet听Jagiello艅ski.听
• Janion, L. H. (2019).听.听Uniwersytet听Warszawski.
• Kulpa, R. (2013).听. Birbeck, University of London.
• Mikulak, M. (2017).听.听London School of Economics and Political Science.
• Rodzoch-Malek, J. (2012).听.听Uniwersytet听Warszawski.
• Welenc,听M. (2012).听听Uniwersytet听Gda艅ski.听

Periodicals

• 听- artistic听magazine听from Central and Eastern Europe with a focus on homosexuality and masculinity [in English].
• 听-听LGBTQ magazine [in Polish].

Data and statistics

• 听by OSCE ODIHR [in English].
• , includes , ILGA Europe -听a world survey of sexual orientation laws +听听[in English].
• . FRA Europe [in English].听

Reports

• . Lukasz Szulc, London, 2019 [in English] / [in Polish].听
• . Edited by听Piotr Godzisz and Pawe艂 Knut, Warsaw, 2018 [in English].
• ILGA Europe, available from 2011 onwards [in English].
• - ILGA-Europe鈥檚 annual benchmarking tool, which ranks 49 countries in Europe on their LGBTI equality laws and policies. Available from 2009 onwards [in听English].
• . FIDH and Polskie听Towarzystwo听Prawa Antydyskryminacyjnego, 2018 [in English].
• 听Piotr Godzisz,听Marta Raw艂uszko.听Godzisz, Piotr and Giacomo Viggiani, eds. 2018. Running Through Hurdles: Obstacles in the Access to Justice for Victims of Anti-LGBTI Hate Crimes in Europe. Warsaw : Lambda Warsaw听[in听English].
• . Edited by Magdalena 艢wider听i Miko艂aj听Winiewski. Kampania听Przeciw听Homofobii. Warszawa, 2017 [in Polish].
• . Komisja Europejska Przedstawicielstwo w Polsce. Warszawa, 2020.
• .听ILGA听Europe Policy Paper, April 2004 [in English].

News portals

• 听

Audio-visual

• , Polish feature film about a young man discovering his homosexuality; directed by Tomasz Wasilewski, Poland : Alter Ego Pictures, Polish Film Institute, 2013.
• , Polish webseries that follows a romantic relationship between two women ; directed by Natasza Parzymies , 2018-2020.
• , BBC News, July 9, 2020.
• , the Guardian, July 8, 2020.
• , Deutsche Welle, September 9, 2020.听

Organisations

• with a rich archive [in Polish].
• - LGBT+听choir in Warsaw.
• 听

Other resources

• is an annual event which takes place in: Warszawa,听Gda艅sk, L贸d藕,听Wroc艂aw,听Lublin,听Bydgoszcz,听Krak贸w,听Pozna艅 [in Polish and English].

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