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Department History

The department has a distinguished history with its origins in the Middlesex Hospital, which later merged with ¹û¶³Ó°Ôº. The Middlesex Hospital, which was located a short distance from ¹û¶³Ó°Ôº,Ìýoperated its first x-ray device in 1896, just months after German physicistÌýWilhelm RoentgenÌýhad discovered x-rays in 1895.

In 1913, Sidney Russ was appointed as the world's first hospital physicistÌýat the Middlesex Hospital.ÌýSix years later, Russ joined the Middlesex Hospital Medical School, and in 1920 became theÌýJoel Professor of Physics Applied to Medicine. This was the first Chair of Medical Physics in the world.

Prof.ÌýRuss retired in 1946, after pioneering a new scientific approach to radiation protection. Our DepartmentÌýnow awardÌýan annual prizeÌýfor our most outstanding undergraduate student in honour of Professor Russ. Prof Russ was succeeded as Joel Chair and head of the department of Physics applied to Medicine at the Middlesex Medical School by Professor Eric Roberts (1946-1971), who founded the academic journalÌýPhysics in Medicine and Biology. He was followed as head of department and Joel Professor by Prof. James Tait (1971-1982), who is believed to be the first medical physicist to be appointed a Fellow of the Royal Society.

Meanwhile, a new Department of Medical Physics at University College Hospital (¹û¶³Ó°ÔºH) Medical School had been formed in 1943. Its first Head of Department was Sidney Osborn (1943-1962) who in November 2003 returned to the department to give a fascinating lecture on "Sixty years in medical physics". This lecture was recorded and can be viewed onlineÌýin our . Sidney Osborn left to become Director of Medical Physics at Kings College Hospital in 1962 and was succeeded as head of department by John Clifton. The ¹û¶³Ó°ÔºH Medical School became part of ¹û¶³Ó°Ôº in 1981.

In 1987, the Middlesex Hospital Medical School merged with the ¹û¶³Ó°Ôº Medical School. As a result, the Radiation Physics and Image Processing groups at the Middlesex Hospital Medical Physics department joined the ¹û¶³Ó°Ôº Medical Physics department, led by John Clifton (who became the fourth Joel Professor in 1990).

John Russ –Ìýson of Sir Sidney Russ, one of the world's first medical physicists –Ìývisited the Department with his family in 2016.Ìý

From top left: Adam Gibson, Clare Elwell, Peter Marsden, David Delpy, Rob Speller, Paul Ganney
From bottom left: John Clifton, John Russ, Catherine Russ, Jem Hebden

Prof. Clifton retired in 1992, and a decision was taken to split the department into two, forming a "joint" medical physicsÌýdepartment. One half became an academic department within the university, while the other became a department within the ¹û¶³Ó°ÔºH NHS Trust. The heads of these two departments were Professor Prof David Delpy (¹û¶³Ó°Ôº Department of Medical Physics & Bioengineering) and Professor Roland Blackwell (¹û¶³Ó°ÔºH NHS Trust Department of Medical Physics & Bioengineering). However, most staff within the two departments remained located together within the same building: Shropshire House in Capper Street. In 1993 Prof Roger Ordidge was appointed the fifth Joel Professor. Having been appointed a Fellow of the Royal Society, Prof. Delpy stood down as Head of Department in 1999 to become the ¹û¶³Ó°Ôº Vice Provost for Research, and later Chief Executive of EPSRC in 2007. He was succeeded as Head of Department byÌýProf Andrew Todd-PokropekÌý(1999-2008).

In 2004, both departments moved out of Shropshire House. The academic department moved to its current location, a new building in the centre of the ¹û¶³Ó°Ôº campus, known as theÌýMalet Place Engineering Building. The NHS Trust department moved several times, and is currently located in the basement of the main ¹û¶³Ó°ÔºH hospital building on Euston Road. Geoff Cusick became the head of the NHS Trust department following the retirement of Prof. Blackwell in 2004, whileÌýProf Jem HebdenÌýbecameÌýHead of the ¹û¶³Ó°Ôº DepartmentÌýwhen Prof. Todd-Pokropek stepped down in 2008. Prof. Peter Marsden succeeded Geoff Cusick as head of the NHS Trust department in 2010. In 2011, Prof Ordidge left ¹û¶³Ó°Ôº andÌýProf Robert SpellerÌýwas appointed the sixth Joel Professor of Physics Applied to Medicine.Ìý

In 2014 the department launched a new undergraduate programme in biomedical engineering, offering BEng and MEng degrees to compliment existing BSc and MSci degrees in medical physics. So that its name would be aligned with these programmes, the department was renamed the Department of Medical Physics & Biomedical Engineering.

In 2019, Prof. Jem Hebden stepped down as Head of Department in order to return to his research and teaching full time. Prof. Hebden was succeeded by Prof. Andy Nisbet, our current Head of Department.

Key dates inÌýthe department's history

1895 – German physicist Wilhelm Roentgen discovers X Rays

1896 – First x-Ray device operated at the Middlesex Hospital

1913 – Sidney Russ appointed world’s first hospital physicist Middlesex Hospital

1920 – Russ becomes Joel Professor of Physics Applied to Medicine (the first Chair of Medical Physics in the world).

1943 – New Department of Medical Physics opens at University College Hospital (UCH), led by Sidney Osborn.

1946 – Russ retires and is succeeded by Professor Eric Roberts

1962 – Sidney Osborn succeeded as Head of UCH Department by John Clifton

1971 – Professor James Tait takes over from Professor Eric Roberts

1981 – UCH Medical School becomes part of ¹û¶³Ó°Ôº

1987 – Middlesex Hospital Medical School merges with ¹û¶³Ó°Ôº Medical School. Radiation Physics and Image Processing groups at the Middlesex Hospital become part of the ¹û¶³Ó°Ôº Medical Physics Department, led by John Clifton.

1990 – John Clifton becomes fourth Joel Professor

1992 – John Clifton retires

1992 – A joint medical physics department is formed comprising the ¹û¶³Ó°Ôº Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering led by Professor David Delpy, and the ¹û¶³Ó°ÔºH NHS Trust Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering led by Professor Roland Blackwell

1993 – Professor Roger Ordidge appointed the fifth Joel Professor

1999 – Professor David Delpy stands down as Head of Department to become the ¹û¶³Ó°Ôº Vice Provost for Research, and later Chief Executive of EPSRC (2007)

1991 – Professor Andrew Todd-PokropekÌýbecomes Head of Department

2004 – Academic department moves to Malet Place Engineering Building

2004 – Professor Roland Blackwell retires, and is succeeded as head of the NHS Trust Department by Geoff Cusick

2008 – Professor Todd-Pokropek steps down and is succeeded as head of the ¹û¶³Ó°Ôº department by Professor Jem Hebden

2010 – Geoff Cusick retires, and is succeeded by Professor Peter Marsden as head of the NHS Trust department in 2010

2011 – Professor Robert Speller appointed the sixth Joel Professor of Physics Applied to Medicine.Ìý

2014 – Biomedical Engineering undergraduate programme launches, offering BEng and MEng degrees to complement existing BSc and MSci degrees in Medical Physics.

2014 – Department renamed the Department of Medical Physics & Biomedical Engineering

2019 – Professor Jem Hebden steps down and Professor Andy Nisbet becomes Head of Department

2020 – Department celebrates 100 year anniversary of the Joel Chair with a special centenary Joel Lecture

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