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Practicing participatory design of public spaces

A collaboration between Bartlett academics and a charity founded by alumni enabled Lebanese, Palestinian and Syrian residents to co-design a public space that works for everyone.

Workshop participants draw a problem tree analysing causes and effects of key urban vulnerabilities.听Credit: Hanna Baumann

Halfway between Beirut and Damascus lies the city of Bar Elias. Home to mainly Lebanese, Palestinian and Syrian residents. Since the start of Syrian war in 2011, Bar Elias has seen a huge influx of Syrians fleeing the war, doubling its population. This has put pressure on space, infrastructure and amenities 鈥 and escalated existing social tensions.

Averting a backlash and revealing the benefits of this rapid increase in population is no easy task. Neither is building consensus around a vision for the city. But by using participatory design, a collaborative intervention led by Dr Andrea Rigon at The Bartlett Development Planning Unit (DPU), and involving CatalyticAction Charity, Dr Hanna Baumann at The Bartlett鈥檚 Institute for Global Prosperity (IGP), and Prof Howayda Al-Harithy at the American University of Beirut has shown how it can be done.

鈥淲hen a city like Bar Elias increases so quickly, the infrastructure comes under stress,鈥 says Rigon. So how do you create infrastructure that can benefit residents and refugees?

Part of a wider British Academy project funded by the Grand Challenges Research Fund, and linked to the RELIEF Centre led IGP Director Professor Henrietta Moore, in Bar Elias Rigon initiated a 鈥榩articipatory spatial intervention鈥. To achieve it, he partnered with a charity founded by alumni from the Master鈥檚 module he teaches. 鈥淥ften as academics, we鈥檙e transforming people鈥檚 lives through research, but here we鈥檙e working with former students who are helping us make concrete some of our ideas.鈥

Intervening in the city

Workshop participants analyse public spaces on an aerial map of Bar Elias.听Credit: Hanna Baumann

The charity is听听and it was founded by DPU alumni Joana Dabaj and Riccardo Conti, who Rigon says: 鈥淭hey came to me after piloting their first project because they wanted to explore further participatory design and seek advice on setting up a charity to translate their learning into practical projects in the Middle East.鈥

When Rigon 鈥 who is now chair of the board at the charity 鈥 was planning the Bar Elias project he partnered up with them (Catalytic Action has delivered more than听听in the Middle East in the past five years).

In Bar Elias, the project team spent one week with a group of local researchers or 鈥榗itizen scientists鈥 to understand which public spaces are used by all communities. Rigon says: 鈥淲e found that there was one particular street 鈥 the entrance to the city, so we focused on that. In this space, how could we address some of the vulnerabilities that people expressed, while also focusing on a vision for the city?鈥

In a subsequent workshop with citizen scientists and residents, three core concerns emerged: socio-economic issues, safety, and pollution and health. The idea was to use a number of spatial interventions to allow residents to achieve the city they want. These included adding benches and shading areas, pedestrian crossings, ramps for the disabled, greening, and murals, to the space.

    Building capacity

    An exhibition to get feedback from the city residents on the solutions identified by workshop participants.听Credit: CatalyticAction

    CatalyticAction is now leading on their implementation through community-engaged construction. 鈥淎s The Bartlett, we wouldn鈥檛 be able to open a major construction site and deliver this vision 鈥 but our alumni specialise in that. And that鈥檚 the beauty of this partnership.鈥

    Just as important was the participatory process itself. 鈥淧eople said it was the first time they interacted as peers. One elderly man said the process made him feel 30 years younger, and young people told us they felt valued. There were women who said they鈥檇 finally found a way to give back to the city, that they no longer felt 鈥榡ust like a mother鈥.鈥

    Rigon says that once you do this type of approach, you really activate a place. 鈥淚n a way, you are building the capacity of the residents you engage. That way they can think and plan the city, so that when other UN agencies and government programmes come in with interventions there is a range of residents who know how to be part of these processes 鈥 who can combine spatial reading of their cities with an analysis of the diversity of needs and aspirations of different individuals and groups.鈥